Reduction of the carboxylic acid group yields oleyl alcohol. Oxidation at the double bond occurs slowly in air, and is known as rancidification in foodstuffs and as drying in coatings. Hydrogenation of the double bond yields the saturated derivative stearic acid. It is soluble in aqueous base to give soaps called oleates. Oleic acid undergoes the reactions of carboxylic acids and alkenes. In effect, stearic acid is dehydrogenated to give the monounsaturated derivative, oleic acid. The biosynthesis of oleic acid involves the action of the enzyme stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase acting on stearoyl-CoA. Oleic acid is the most abundant fatty acid in human adipose tissue, and second in abundance in human tissues overall, following palmitic acid.
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It is abundantly present in many animal fats, constituting 37 to 56% of chicken and turkey fat, and 44 to 47% of lard. It also comprises 22.18% of the fats from the fruit of the durian species, Durio graveolens. High oleic variants of plant sources such as sunflower (~80%) and canola oil (70%) also have been developed. It also makes up 59–75% of pecan oil, 61% of canola oil, 36–67% of peanut oil, 60% of macadamia oil, 20–80% of sunflower oil, 15–20% of grape seed oil, sea buckthorn oil, 40% of sesame oil, and 14% of poppyseed oil.
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Olive oil exceeding 2% free oleic acid is graded unfit for human consumption. Triglycerides of oleic acid comprise the majority of olive oil (about 70%). It is found in fats (triglycerides), the phospholipids that make membranes, cholesterol esters, and wax esters. Oleic acid is the most common monounsaturated fatty acid in nature. Instead fatty acids such as oleic acid occur as their esters, commonly triglycerides, which are the greasy materials in many natural oils. A general reaction searchĪlso available.Fatty acids (or their salts) often do not occur as such in biological systems. Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, References, Notes SRD 156 – Clathrate Hydrate Physical Property Database
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SRSD 3 – Web Thermo Tables (WTT), professional edition SRSD 2 – Web Thermo Tables (WTT), "lite" edition SRD 103b – Thermo Data Engine (TDE) for pure compounds, SRD 103a – Thermo Data Engine (TDE) for pure compounds. (TRC) data available from this site, much more physicalĪnd chemical property data is available from the In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center
ACĬoefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. Visual, as Goloborod'ko and Khodeeva Zh.Fiz.Khim. Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0039 bar TRC Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri - St. TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny directorĪC - William E. Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, References, NotesīS - Robert L. Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser. Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation) GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, MoscowĪdopted recommendation of Gurvich, Veyts, et al., 1991 DRBĬonstant pressure heat capacity of gas C p,gas (J/mol*K) Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A.ĪLS - Hussein Y. Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, References, Notesīy the U.S. Your institution may already be a subscriber.įollow the links above to find out more about the data With the development of data collections included in The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated NIST subscription sites provide data under theĭata Program, but require an annual fee to access.
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